--- API: 2 OpenSesame: 3.1.9 Platform: nt --- set width 1024 set uniform_coordinates yes set title "Feng Replication" set subject_parity even set subject_nr 0 set start experiment set sound_sample_size -16 set sound_freq 48000 set sound_channels 2 set sound_buf_size 1024 set sampler_backend legacy set round_decimals 2 set mouse_backend xpyriment set keyboard_backend legacy set height 768 set fullscreen no set form_clicks no set foreground black set font_underline no set font_size 18 set font_italic no set font_family mono set font_bold no set experiment_path "C:\\Users\\bjwiggins\\Dropbox\\Teaching\\485 Experiencing Research\\CREP\\Feng\\Brady" set disable_garbage_collection yes set description "The main experiment item" set coordinates uniform set compensation 0 set color_backend legacy set clock_backend legacy set canvas_backend xpyriment set bidi no set background white define loop Booklet_Assignment set source_file "" set source table set repeat 0.5 set order random set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 2 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 booklet_assign 1 setcycle 1 booklet_assign 2 run Instructions_1 define sketchpad Comprehension set duration 0 set description "Displays stimuli" draw textline center=0 color=black font_bold=no font_family=mono font_italic=no font_size=22 html=yes show_if=always text="[line_text]" x=-450 y=-200 z_index=0 draw textline center=0 color=black font_bold=no font_family=mono font_italic=no font_size=22 html=yes show_if="[line] = 1" text="Passage [passage]" x=-450 y=-264 z_index=0 define sequence End_of_Experiment set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run End_of_Experiment_Inst always define loop End_of_Experiment_Inst set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 1 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 instruct_num 15 setcycle 0 instruct_text "End of Experiment

The purpose of this experiment is to assess the effect
of mind-wandering on reading difficulty. Some of the passages
are difficult to comprehend and some are easy to comprehend.
The hypothesis for this experiment is that you will mind-wander
more while reading the hard passages relative to the easy passages.
Your performance on the reading comprehension test will also go down
as you mind-wander. Additionally, you should read relatively slower
during the hard condition than the easy condition.

Thank You for Participating!" run Instructions_2_1 define keyboard_response Instr_1_response set timeout infinite set flush yes set duration keypress set description "Collects keyboard responses" set correct_response SPACE set allowed_responses SPACE define keyboard_response Instr_1_response_1 set timeout infinite set flush yes set duration keypress set description "Collects keyboard responses" set allowed_responses "SPACE;y;n" define keyboard_response Instr_1_response_1_1 set timeout infinite set flush yes set duration keypress set description "Collects keyboard responses" set allowed_responses "SPACE;y;n" define sketchpad Instruction1 set duration 0 set description "Displays stimuli" draw textline center=0 color=black font_bold=no font_family=mono font_italic=no font_size=22 html=yes show_if=always text="[instruct_text]" x=-450 y=-200 z_index=0 define sketchpad Instruction1_1 set duration 0 set description "Displays stimuli" draw textline center=0 color=black font_bold=no font_family=mono font_italic=no font_size=22 html=yes show_if=always text="[instruct_text]" x=-450 y=-200 z_index=0 define sketchpad Instruction1_1_1 set duration 0 set description "Displays stimuli" draw textline center=0 color=black font_bold=no font_family=mono font_italic=no font_size=22 html=yes show_if=always text="[instruct_text]" x=-450 y=-200 z_index=0 define sequence Instructions set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Instruction1 always run Instr_1_response always define loop Instructions_1 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 6 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 instruct_num 1 setcycle 0 instruct_text "The goal of this study is to learn how mind wandering affects how you
learn information during reading. Mind wandering is a term used to
describe what occurs when your attention wanders from a task.
Sometimes when your mind wanders, you begin thinking about personal
events or concerns rather than your task. At other times, your mind
can wander because you are bored or tired and you don’t really know
what you’re thinking about; all you know is that you are no longer
thinking about your task.

Please press space bar to continue.
" setcycle 1 instruct_num 2 setcycle 1 instruct_text "In this experiment, you will read 8 passages and answer reading
comprehension questions for each passage. THE PASSAGES WILL BE
PRESENTED IN A SENTENCE-BY-SENTENCE FASHION. PLEASE READ THE
SENTENCES AT YOUR NORMAL READING PACE. ONCE YOU HAVE FINISHED READING
ONE SENTENCE, PRESS THE SPACE KEY TO MOVE ON TO THE NEXT SENTENCE.
Once you've read the sentence you MAY NOT GO BACK.

Please press space bar to continue.
" setcycle 2 instruct_num 3 setcycle 2 instruct_text "THE SET OF READING COMPREHENSION QUESTIONS FOR THAT PARTICULAR
PASSAGE YOU’VE FINISHED READING WILL APPEAR AFTER EACH PASSAGE, not
all together at the end. Like the sentences, once you've answered the
questions you MAY NOT GO BACK TO CHANGE YOUR ANSWER.

Please press space bar to continue." setcycle 3 instruct_num 4 setcycle 3 instruct_text "Additionally, while you are reading you will be randomly interrupted
and asked “WERE YOU MIND WANDERING WHEN YOU READ THE PREVIOUS
SENTENCE?\" as the question will appear on screen. That is, whether
your thoughts were off-task rather than focusing on the prior
sentence, in which you would have to choose either “Yes” or “No” by
pressing the \"Y\" for Yes or \"N\" for No on your keyboard.

Please press space bar to continue.
" setcycle 4 instruct_num 5 setcycle 4 instruct_text "This entire experiment is self-paced. Though of course you should try
NOT TO go over the experiment's ending time. So try to do the task
all the way through instead of taking too many small breaks in between.
The experiment isn't long so you should be able to do it without
taking any breaks.

Please press space bar to continue.
" setcycle 5 instruct_num 6 setcycle 5 instruct_text "Do you have any questions so far?

If not, you may press the spacebar key to read the first passage." run Instructions define sequence Instructions_2 set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Instruction1_1 always run Instr_1_response_1 always define sequence Instructions_2_1 set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Instruction1_1_1 always run Instr_1_response_1_1 always define loop P1_Comprehension_Instructions set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 1 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 instruct_num 7 setcycle 0 instruct_text "Now you will take the reading comprehension test for Passage 1. The
questions are in multiple choice format, you will use the letters A
through E on your keyboard to answer. The test is self-paced.
Do you have any questions before you begin?" run Instructions_2 define loop P2_Comprehension_Instructions set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 1 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 instruct_num 8 setcycle 0 instruct_text "Now you will take the reading comprehension test for Passage 2. The
questions are in multiple choice format, you will use the letters A
through E on your keyboard to answer. The test is self-paced.
Do you have any questions before you begin?" run Instructions_2 define loop P3_Comprehension_Instructions set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 1 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 instruct_num 9 setcycle 0 instruct_text "Now you will take the reading comprehension test for Passage 3. The
questions are in multiple choice format, you will use the letters A
through E on your keyboard to answer. The test is self-paced.
Do you have any questions before you begin?" run Instructions_2 define loop P4_Comprehension_Instructions set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 1 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 instruct_num 10 setcycle 0 instruct_text "Now you will take the reading comprehension test for Passage 4. The
questions are in multiple choice format, you will use the letters A
through E on your keyboard to answer. The test is self-paced.
Do you have any questions before you begin?" run Instructions_2 define loop P5_Comprehension_Instructions set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 1 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 instruct_num 11 setcycle 0 instruct_text "Now you will take the reading comprehension test for Passage 5. The
questions are in multiple choice format, you will use the letters A
through E on your keyboard to answer. The test is self-paced.
Do you have any questions before you begin?" run Instructions_2 define loop P6_Comprehension_Instructions set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 1 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 instruct_num 12 setcycle 0 instruct_text "Now you will take the reading comprehension test for Passage 6. The
questions are in multiple choice format, you will use the letters A
through E on your keyboard to answer. The test is self-paced.
Do you have any questions before you begin?" run Instructions_2 define loop P7_Comprehension_Instructions set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 1 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 instruct_num 13 setcycle 0 instruct_text "Now you will take the reading comprehension test for Passage 7. The
questions are in multiple choice format, you will use the letters A
through E on your keyboard to answer. The test is self-paced.
Do you have any questions before you begin?" run Instructions_2 define loop P8_Comprehension_Instructions set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 1 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 instruct_num 14 setcycle 0 instruct_text "Now you will take the reading comprehension test for Passage 8. The
questions are in multiple choice format, you will use the letters A
through E on your keyboard to answer. The test is self-paced.
Do you have any questions before you begin?" run Instructions_2 define sketchpad Passage set duration 0 set description "Displays stimuli" draw textline center=0 color=black font_bold=no font_family=mono font_italic=no font_size=22 html=yes show_if=always text="[line_text]" x=-450 y=-200 z_index=0 define sequence Passage_1 set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Passage_1_Booklet_1 "[booklet_assign] = 1" run Passage_1_Booklet_2 "[booklet_assign] = 2" run P1_Comprehension_Instructions always run Passage_1_Comprehension always define loop Passage_1_Booklet_1 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 31 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 1 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 1" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "Diff." setcycle 0 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 1 setcycle 1 passage 1 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "A few had been astute enough to see a fine poet in Browning, and
Elizabeth Barrett was one of them. " setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "Diff." setcycle 1 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 1 setcycle 2 passage 1 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "The young man with the lemon-colored gloves and long dark hair and
high-strung, restless manner who had visited her in 1846 had been
moved to write to her because she had praised his poetry." setcycle 2 probe y setcycle 2 condition "Diff." setcycle 2 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 1 setcycle 3 passage 1 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "She found the man even more to her liking than the verse, and it was
not so very long-only the time between May, 1845 and September, 1846-
before Robert Browning had stolen the poetess from the dour father
who guarded her like a dragon (never wanting her to marry any man),
and taken her with him to Italy and a new life." setcycle 3 probe y setcycle 3 condition "Diff." setcycle 3 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 1 setcycle 4 passage 1 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "One morning, soon after their nuptials, Elizabeth Browning thrust a
manuscript into her husband’s pocket, and then scampered upstairs in
a swift confusion to her room. " setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition "Diff." setcycle 4 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 1 setcycle 5 passage 1 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "Written during the time of their courtship and love missives, it was
a sonnet sequence on their love. " setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition "Diff." setcycle 5 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 1 setcycle 6 passage 1 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "These poems were never intended by Mrs. Browning to be published, but
her poet husband promptly declared that they must be. " setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition "Diff." setcycle 6 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 1 setcycle 7 passage 1 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "The Sonnets from the Portuguese was his suggested title—a title which
might shroud the fact that they were personal. " setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition "Diff." setcycle 7 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 1 setcycle 8 passage 1 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "They were in his mind “the finest sonnets written in our language
since Shakespeare’s.”" setcycle 8 probe n setcycle 8 condition "Diff." setcycle 8 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 1 setcycle 9 passage 1 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "Sonnets from the Portuguese, in Browning’s opinion, was hardly more
flattering to his wife than his opinion of most of her poetry. " setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition "Diff." setcycle 9 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 1 setcycle 10 passage 1 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "A better poet than he, thought Browning, and the world at that time
agreed with him." setcycle 10 probe n setcycle 10 condition "Diff." setcycle 10 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 1 setcycle 11 passage 1 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "He called her his “moon of poets,” as she considered him her sun." setcycle 11 probe n setcycle 11 condition "Diff." setcycle 11 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 1 setcycle 12 passage 1 setcycle 12 line 12 setcycle 12 line_text "She was a pure singer with a lovely lyrical tenderness, the best poet
of her sex since Sappho. " setcycle 12 probe n setcycle 12 condition "Diff." setcycle 12 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 12 comprehension_q n setcycle 12 booklet 1 setcycle 13 passage 1 setcycle 13 line 13 setcycle 13 line_text "Her Sonnets, in their autobiographical candor, in their fine
restraint and fullness, reveal a woman’s secret soul as had no other
poetry in our literature up to that time. " setcycle 13 probe n setcycle 13 condition "Diff." setcycle 13 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 13 comprehension_q n setcycle 13 booklet 1 setcycle 14 passage 1 setcycle 14 line 14 setcycle 14 line_text "Her lyrical mastery shines in many passages of her writings." setcycle 14 probe n setcycle 14 condition "Diff." setcycle 14 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 14 comprehension_q n setcycle 14 booklet 1 setcycle 15 passage 1 setcycle 15 line 15 setcycle 15 line_text "Italy was a kind of promised terrain for Elizabeth Browning. " setcycle 15 probe n setcycle 15 condition "Diff." setcycle 15 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 15 comprehension_q n setcycle 15 booklet 1 setcycle 16 passage 1 setcycle 16 line 16 setcycle 16 line_text "Living in Florence or in little villages in the summers, she drank in
the sun of the south and warmth of her husband’s love, and blossomed
in a life of precarious happiness for fifteen years. " setcycle 16 probe n setcycle 16 condition "Diff." setcycle 16 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 16 comprehension_q n setcycle 16 booklet 1 setcycle 17 passage 1 setcycle 17 line 17 setcycle 17 line_text "In Italy she found friends, most of them cultured Americans." setcycle 17 probe n setcycle 17 condition "Diff." setcycle 17 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 17 comprehension_q n setcycle 17 booklet 1 setcycle 18 passage 1 setcycle 18 line 18 setcycle 18 line_text "Hawthorne saw the Browning's there: the New England thinker and
essayist Margaret Fuller visited them." setcycle 18 probe y setcycle 18 condition "Diff." setcycle 18 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 18 comprehension_q n setcycle 18 booklet 1 setcycle 19 passage 1 setcycle 19 line 19 setcycle 19 line_text "The painter Story came, and the young sculptress Harriet Hosmer. " setcycle 19 probe n setcycle 19 condition "Diff." setcycle 19 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 19 comprehension_q n setcycle 19 booklet 1 setcycle 20 passage 1 setcycle 20 line 20 setcycle 20 line_text "One caller records that Robert Browning was 'simple, natural, and
playful,' and that Mrs. Browning was all 'genius and sensibility.'" setcycle 20 probe y setcycle 20 condition "Diff." setcycle 20 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 20 comprehension_q n setcycle 20 booklet 1 setcycle 21 passage 1 setcycle 21 line 21 setcycle 21 line_text "Daytimes Browning walked forth with Elizabeth's little dog Flush, but
he seldom could be lured from his home evenings. " setcycle 21 probe y setcycle 21 condition "Diff." setcycle 21 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 21 comprehension_q n setcycle 21 booklet 1 setcycle 22 passage 1 setcycle 22 line 22 setcycle 22 line_text "One privileged intruder, coming frequently at night to join the poets
over hot chestnuts and mulled wine, found talk good and laughter plentiful." setcycle 22 probe y setcycle 22 condition "Diff." setcycle 22 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 22 comprehension_q n setcycle 22 booklet 1 setcycle 23 passage 1 setcycle 23 line 23 setcycle 23 line_text "During the third year of their stay in Italy, a son, Robert Weidemann
Browning, was born." setcycle 23 probe n setcycle 23 condition "Diff." setcycle 23 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 23 comprehension_q n setcycle 23 booklet 1 setcycle 24 passage 1 setcycle 24 line 24 setcycle 24 line_text "But through this happy life a strain of dark foreboding began to
creep. " setcycle 24 probe n setcycle 24 condition "Diff." setcycle 24 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 24 comprehension_q n setcycle 24 booklet 1 setcycle 25 passage 1 setcycle 25 line 25 setcycle 25 line_text "Elizabeth Browning’s father died unrelenting in his disavowal of her
marriage, refusing to see her or to sanction any of his family to see her. " setcycle 25 probe n setcycle 25 condition "Diff." setcycle 25 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 25 comprehension_q n setcycle 25 booklet 1 setcycle 26 passage 1 setcycle 26 line 26 setcycle 26 line_text "Three children all younger than her own boy were left to her by a
dearly beloved sister who died. " setcycle 26 probe n setcycle 26 condition "Diff." setcycle 26 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 26 comprehension_q n setcycle 26 booklet 1 setcycle 27 passage 1 setcycle 27 line 27 setcycle 27 line_text "She drooped and pined a little and Browning shielded her from
ordinary visitants. " setcycle 27 probe n setcycle 27 condition "Diff." setcycle 27 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 27 comprehension_q n setcycle 27 booklet 1 setcycle 28 passage 1 setcycle 28 line 28 setcycle 28 line_text "She had a sudden and alarming attack of indisposition but was not
considered in any precariousness. " setcycle 28 probe n setcycle 28 condition "Diff." setcycle 28 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 28 comprehension_q n setcycle 28 booklet 1 setcycle 29 passage 1 setcycle 29 line 29 setcycle 29 line_text "One night, soon after, she awoke from a troubled slumber and,
apparently with no idea that she was about to leave him, murmured in
the tenderest fashion of her love for him, and in his arms her head
drooped as though in a faint, but it was the end." setcycle 29 probe n setcycle 29 condition "Diff." setcycle 29 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 29 comprehension_q n setcycle 29 booklet 1 setcycle 30 passage 1 setcycle 30 line 30 setcycle 30 line_text "Profound and lasting was Browning's grief. “Looking back,” he said, “I see that we have been all the time walking over a torrent on a straw.”" setcycle 30 probe y setcycle 30 condition "Diff." setcycle 30 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 30 comprehension_q n setcycle 30 booklet 1 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_1_Booklet_2 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 40 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 1 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 1" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition Easy setcycle 0 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 2 setcycle 1 passage 1 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "Elizabeth Barrett was wise enough to see that Browning was a fine
poet." setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition Easy setcycle 1 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 2 setcycle 2 passage 1 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "The young man with the lemon-colored gloves and long dark hair and
high-strung, restless manner who had visited her in 1846 had been
moved to write to her because she had praised his poetry." setcycle 2 probe y setcycle 2 condition Easy setcycle 2 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 2 setcycle 3 passage 1 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "She found the man even more to her liking than the verse, and it was
not so very long-only the time between May, 1845 and September, 1846-
before Robert Browning had stolen the poetess from the dour father
who guarded her like a dragon (never wanting her to marry any man),
and taken her with him to Italy and a new life." setcycle 3 probe y setcycle 3 condition Easy setcycle 3 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 2 setcycle 4 passage 1 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "One morning, soon after Robert and Elizabeth married; she thrust a
manuscript into Robert's pocket." setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition Easy setcycle 4 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 2 setcycle 5 passage 1 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "Then she ran up to her room, embarrassed by her action." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition Easy setcycle 5 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 2 setcycle 6 passage 1 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "The manuscript was a sonnet sequence that she had written about their
courtship and their love letters." setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition Easy setcycle 6 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 2 setcycle 7 passage 1 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "Mrs. Browning never intended for these poems to be published, but
Robert promptly insisted that they must be." setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition Easy setcycle 7 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 2 setcycle 8 passage 1 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "He suggested calling them Sonnets from the Portuguese." setcycle 8 probe n setcycle 8 condition Easy setcycle 8 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 2 setcycle 9 passage 1 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "He may have suggested this title to hide the fact that the poems were
personal." setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition Easy setcycle 9 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 2 setcycle 10 passage 1 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "He thought that these poems were 'the finest sonnets written in our
language since Shakespeare's.'" setcycle 10 probe n setcycle 10 condition Easy setcycle 10 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 2 setcycle 11 passage 1 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "Robert Browning's opinion of Sonnets from the Portuguese was
flattering to his wife, the same as his opinion of most of her
poetry." setcycle 11 probe n setcycle 11 condition Easy setcycle 11 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 2 setcycle 12 passage 1 setcycle 12 line 12 setcycle 12 line_text "He thought that she was a better poet than he was, and the world at
that time agreed with him." setcycle 12 probe n setcycle 12 condition Easy setcycle 12 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 12 comprehension_q n setcycle 12 booklet 2 setcycle 13 passage 1 setcycle 13 line 13 setcycle 13 line_text "He called her his 'moon of poets,' and she considered him her sun." setcycle 13 probe n setcycle 13 condition Easy setcycle 13 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 13 comprehension_q n setcycle 13 booklet 2 setcycle 14 passage 1 setcycle 14 line 14 setcycle 14 line_text "Elizabeth Barrett Browning was a pure singer with a lovely lyrical
tenderness." setcycle 14 probe n setcycle 14 condition Easy setcycle 14 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 14 comprehension_q n setcycle 14 booklet 2 setcycle 15 passage 1 setcycle 15 line 15 setcycle 15 line_text "She was the best poet of her sex since Sappho." setcycle 15 probe n setcycle 15 condition Easy setcycle 15 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 15 comprehension_q n setcycle 15 booklet 2 setcycle 16 passage 1 setcycle 16 line 16 setcycle 16 line_text "Her Sonnets reveal a woman's secret soul like no other poetry in our
literature up to that time." setcycle 16 probe n setcycle 16 condition Easy setcycle 16 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 16 comprehension_q n setcycle 16 booklet 2 setcycle 17 passage 1 setcycle 17 line 17 setcycle 17 line_text "They did so with autobiographical honesty, fine moderation and
fullness." setcycle 17 probe n setcycle 17 condition Easy setcycle 17 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 17 comprehension_q n setcycle 17 booklet 2 setcycle 18 passage 1 setcycle 18 line 18 setcycle 18 line_text "Her lyrical mastery shines in many passages of her writings." setcycle 18 probe n setcycle 18 condition Easy setcycle 18 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 18 comprehension_q n setcycle 18 booklet 2 setcycle 19 passage 1 setcycle 19 line 19 setcycle 19 line_text "Italy was a kind of promised land for Elizabeth Browning." setcycle 19 probe n setcycle 19 condition Easy setcycle 19 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 19 comprehension_q n setcycle 19 booklet 2 setcycle 20 passage 1 setcycle 20 line 20 setcycle 20 line_text "In the summer, she and her husband lived in Florence or in little
villages." setcycle 20 probe n setcycle 20 condition Easy setcycle 20 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 20 comprehension_q n setcycle 20 booklet 2 setcycle 21 passage 1 setcycle 21 line 21 setcycle 21 line_text "She drank in the sun of the south and the warmth of her husband's
love." setcycle 21 probe n setcycle 21 condition Easy setcycle 21 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 21 comprehension_q n setcycle 21 booklet 2 setcycle 22 passage 1 setcycle 22 line 22 setcycle 22 line_text "She blossomed in a life of delicate happiness for fifteen years." setcycle 22 probe n setcycle 22 condition Easy setcycle 22 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 22 comprehension_q n setcycle 22 booklet 2 setcycle 23 passage 1 setcycle 23 line 23 setcycle 23 line_text "She found friends in Italy, most of them cultured Americans." setcycle 23 probe n setcycle 23 condition Easy setcycle 23 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 23 comprehension_q n setcycle 23 booklet 2 setcycle 24 passage 1 setcycle 24 line 24 setcycle 24 line_text "Hawthorne saw the Browning's there: the New England thinker and
essayist Margaret Fuller visited them." setcycle 24 probe y setcycle 24 condition Easy setcycle 24 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 24 comprehension_q n setcycle 24 booklet 2 setcycle 25 passage 1 setcycle 25 line 25 setcycle 25 line_text "The painter Story and the young sculptress Harriet Hosmer came." setcycle 25 probe n setcycle 25 condition Easy setcycle 25 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 25 comprehension_q n setcycle 25 booklet 2 setcycle 26 passage 1 setcycle 26 line 26 setcycle 26 line_text "One caller records that Robert Browning was 'simple, natural, and
playful,' and that Mrs. Browning was all 'genius and
sensibility.'" setcycle 26 probe y setcycle 26 condition Easy setcycle 26 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 26 comprehension_q n setcycle 26 booklet 2 setcycle 27 passage 1 setcycle 27 line 27 setcycle 27 line_text "Daytimes Browning walked forth with Elizabeth's little dog Flush, but
he seldom could be lured from his home evenings." setcycle 27 probe y setcycle 27 condition Easy setcycle 27 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 27 comprehension_q n setcycle 27 booklet 2 setcycle 28 passage 1 setcycle 28 line 28 setcycle 28 line_text "One privileged intruder, coming frequently at night to join the poets
over hot chestnuts and mulled wine, found talk good and laughter
plentiful." setcycle 28 probe y setcycle 28 condition Easy setcycle 28 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 28 comprehension_q n setcycle 28 booklet 2 setcycle 29 passage 1 setcycle 29 line 29 setcycle 29 line_text "He found the talk good and the laughter plentiful." setcycle 29 probe n setcycle 29 condition Easy setcycle 29 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 29 comprehension_q n setcycle 29 booklet 2 setcycle 30 passage 1 setcycle 30 line 30 setcycle 30 line_text "The Brownings had a son, Robert Weidemann Browning, during the third
year of their stay in Italy." setcycle 30 probe n setcycle 30 condition Easy setcycle 30 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 30 comprehension_q n setcycle 30 booklet 2 setcycle 31 passage 1 setcycle 31 line 31 setcycle 31 line_text "But a strain of dark dread began to creep through this happy life." setcycle 31 probe n setcycle 31 condition Easy setcycle 31 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 31 comprehension_q n setcycle 31 booklet 2 setcycle 32 passage 1 setcycle 32 line 32 setcycle 32 line_text "Elizabeth Browning's father died still disapproving of her marriage." setcycle 32 probe n setcycle 32 condition Easy setcycle 32 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 32 comprehension_q n setcycle 32 booklet 2 setcycle 33 passage 1 setcycle 33 line 33 setcycle 33 line_text "He had refused to see her or to allow any of his family to see her." setcycle 33 probe n setcycle 33 condition Easy setcycle 33 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 33 comprehension_q n setcycle 33 booklet 2 setcycle 34 passage 1 setcycle 34 line 34 setcycle 34 line_text "Elizabeth's dearly loved sister died and left three children who were
all younger than her own boy." setcycle 34 probe n setcycle 34 condition Easy setcycle 34 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 34 comprehension_q n setcycle 34 booklet 2 setcycle 35 passage 1 setcycle 35 line 35 setcycle 35 line_text "Elizabeth drooped and grieved a little and Robert shielded her from
ordinary visitors." setcycle 35 probe n setcycle 35 condition Easy setcycle 35 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 35 comprehension_q n setcycle 35 booklet 2 setcycle 36 passage 1 setcycle 36 line 36 setcycle 36 line_text "She had a sudden and alarming attack of sickness but was not
considered in any danger." setcycle 36 probe n setcycle 36 condition Easy setcycle 36 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 36 comprehension_q n setcycle 36 booklet 2 setcycle 37 passage 1 setcycle 37 line 37 setcycle 37 line_text "One night, soon after, she awoke from a troubled sleep, apparently
with no idea that she was about to leave Robert." setcycle 37 probe n setcycle 37 condition Easy setcycle 37 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 37 comprehension_q n setcycle 37 booklet 2 setcycle 38 passage 1 setcycle 38 line 38 setcycle 38 line_text "She spoke tenderly about her love for him. In his arms, her head
drooped as though in a faint, but it was the end." setcycle 38 probe n setcycle 38 condition Easy setcycle 38 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 38 comprehension_q n setcycle 38 booklet 2 setcycle 39 passage 1 setcycle 39 line 39 setcycle 39 line_text "Profound and lasting was Browning's grief. 'Looking back,' he said,
'I see that we have been all the time walking over a torrent on a
straw.'" setcycle 39 probe y setcycle 39 condition Easy setcycle 39 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 39 comprehension_q n setcycle 39 booklet 2 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_1_Comprehension set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 8 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 1 setcycle 0 line 1 setcycle 0 line_text "1. Flush was the name of the Brownings’

a. cat
b. dog
c. canary
d. turtle
e. thrush" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "" setcycle 0 Condition_Num "" setcycle 0 comprehension_q y setcycle 0 booklet "" setcycle 0 correct_response b setcycle 1 passage 1 setcycle 1 line 2 setcycle 1 line_text "2. At night the Brownings often enjoyed

a. hot chestnuts
b. a tart with clotted cream
c. strawberries and cream
d. café au lait
e. cheese soufflé" setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "" setcycle 1 Condition_Num "" setcycle 1 comprehension_q y setcycle 1 booklet "" setcycle 1 correct_response a setcycle 2 passage 1 setcycle 2 line 3 setcycle 2 line_text "3. The Brownings saw

a. Coleridge
b. Byron
c. Walt Whitman
d. Poe
e. Hawthorne" setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "" setcycle 2 Condition_Num "" setcycle 2 comprehension_q y setcycle 2 booklet "" setcycle 2 correct_response e setcycle 3 passage 1 setcycle 3 line 4 setcycle 3 line_text "4. Browning wrote to Miss Barrett because
she had

a. invited him to visit
b. written him for advice
c. praised his poetry
d. sent him one of her own poems
e. sent a friend to meet him" setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "" setcycle 3 Condition_Num "" setcycle 3 comprehension_q y setcycle 3 booklet "" setcycle 3 correct_response c setcycle 4 passage 1 setcycle 4 line 5 setcycle 4 line_text "5. The authors of this passage placed most
attention on the Brownings’

a. literary efforts
b. personal relationship
c. social contacts
d. problems
e. early meeting" setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition "" setcycle 4 Condition_Num "" setcycle 4 comprehension_q y setcycle 4 booklet "" setcycle 4 correct_response b setcycle 5 passage 1 setcycle 5 line 6 setcycle 5 line_text "6. What best describes the Brownings’ early
days abroad?

a. Travel
b. Relaxation
c. Creative activity
d. Intellectual stimulation
e. Happiness" setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition "" setcycle 5 Condition_Num "" setcycle 5 comprehension_q y setcycle 5 booklet "" setcycle 5 correct_response e setcycle 6 passage 1 setcycle 6 line 7 setcycle 6 line_text "7. You would assume that Browning

a. found it easy to see Elizabeth
b. carefully avoided Mr. Barrett
c. begged Mr. Barrett’s consent to marry
d. understood Mr. Barrett
e. got Elizabeth to ask her father’s consent" setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition "" setcycle 6 Condition_Num "" setcycle 6 comprehension_q y setcycle 6 booklet "" setcycle 6 correct_response b setcycle 7 passage 1 setcycle 7 line 8 setcycle 7 line_text "8. In the “torrent on a straw” quotation,
the word straw probably refers to

a. the frailty of life
b. weakness of character
c. sorrow
d. happiness
e. the fleeting nature of fame" setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition "" setcycle 7 Condition_Num "" setcycle 7 comprehension_q y setcycle 7 booklet "" setcycle 7 correct_response a run Passage_Comprehension define sequence Passage_2 set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Passage_2_Booklet_1 "[booklet_assign] = 1" run Passage_2_Booklet_2 "[booklet_assign] = 2" run P2_Comprehension_Instructions always run Passage_2_Comprehension always define loop Passage_2_Booklet_1 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 13 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 2 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 2" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition Easy setcycle 0 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 1 setcycle 1 passage 2 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "Marketing is a business activity that directs the flow of goods and
services from a producer to a consumer or user." setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition Easy setcycle 1 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 1 setcycle 2 passage 2 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "It is the link that connects producers and consumers and brings
production and consumption together." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition Easy setcycle 2 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 1 setcycle 3 passage 2 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "About one in every six employees is involved directly in wholesaling
or retailing activities." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition Easy setcycle 3 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 1 setcycle 4 passage 2 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "This ratio does not take into account other employees who assist
marketing through transportation, communication, and office jobs." setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition Easy setcycle 4 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 1 setcycle 5 passage 2 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "Marketing provides many different kinds of jobs." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition Easy setcycle 5 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 1 setcycle 6 passage 2 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "These jobs require a wide range of skills and abilities." setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition Easy setcycle 6 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 1 setcycle 7 passage 2 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "We usually think that the primary job in marketing is selling, but
there are jobs in management, advertising, market and product
research, and buying." setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition Easy setcycle 7 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 1 setcycle 8 passage 2 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "The economic well-being of our country is determined largely by
productivity, consumption, and employment." setcycle 8 probe y setcycle 8 condition Easy setcycle 8 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 1 setcycle 9 passage 2 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "The efficiency of marketing affects all three." setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition Easy setcycle 9 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 1 setcycle 10 passage 2 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "People consume many goods if marketing creates a demand." setcycle 10 probe n setcycle 10 condition Easy setcycle 10 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 1 setcycle 11 passage 2 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "High consumption requires high productivity to meet the wants of
people, and high productivity and high-level activity in marketing
combined result in high employment." setcycle 11 probe y setcycle 11 condition Easy setcycle 11 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 1 setcycle 12 passage 2 setcycle 12 line 12 setcycle 12 line_text "Marketing is indirectly a key to a high economic level of living
for the people." setcycle 12 probe n setcycle 12 condition Easy setcycle 12 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 12 comprehension_q n setcycle 12 booklet 1 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_2_Booklet_2 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 13 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 2 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 2" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "Diff." setcycle 0 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 2 setcycle 1 passage 2 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "The performance of those business activities that direct the flow
of goods and services from producer to consumer or user is called
marketing. " setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "Diff." setcycle 1 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 2 setcycle 2 passage 2 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "Marketing is the connecting link between the producer and the
consumer or user. " setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "Diff." setcycle 2 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 2 setcycle 3 passage 2 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "Production and consumption are brought together by the marketing
system." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "Diff." setcycle 3 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 2 setcycle 4 passage 2 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "Wholesaling or retailing activities are directly engaged in by
approximately one in every six gainfully employed persons. " setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition "Diff." setcycle 4 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 2 setcycle 5 passage 2 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "This ratio does not take into account other persons who are serving
marketing through transportation, communication, and office
vocations." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition "Diff." setcycle 5 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 2 setcycle 6 passage 2 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "Opportunities for many kinds of positions requiring a wide range of
skills and abilities is provided by marketing. " setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition "Diff." setcycle 6 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 2 setcycle 7 passage 2 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "Although one naturally thinks of merchandising as being the primary
occupation in marketing, there are opportunities in management,
advertising, market and product research, and purchasing." setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition "Diff." setcycle 7 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 2 setcycle 8 passage 2 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "The economic well-being of one's country is determined largely by
productivity, consumption, and employment. " setcycle 8 probe y setcycle 8 condition "Diff." setcycle 8 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 2 setcycle 9 passage 2 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "All three are affected by the efficiency of the marketing process. " setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition "Diff." setcycle 9 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 2 setcycle 10 passage 2 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "If marketing stimulates appetite, people will consume goods at a
high rate. " setcycle 10 probe n setcycle 10 condition "Diff." setcycle 10 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 2 setcycle 11 passage 2 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "High consumption requires high productivity to meet the
requirements of people, and high productivity and high-level
activity in marketing combined result in high employment. " setcycle 11 probe y setcycle 11 condition "Diff." setcycle 11 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 2 setcycle 12 passage 2 setcycle 12 line 12 setcycle 12 line_text "Indirectly, marketing is a key to a high level of economic living
for the people." setcycle 12 probe n setcycle 12 condition "Diff." setcycle 12 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 12 comprehension_q n setcycle 12 booklet 2 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_2_Comprehension set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 4 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 2 setcycle 0 line 1 setcycle 0 line_text "1. Our economic well-being is determined
largely by how many factors?

a. One
b. Two
c. Three
d. Four
e. Five" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "" setcycle 0 Condition_Num "" setcycle 0 comprehension_q y setcycle 0 booklet "" setcycle 0 correct_response c setcycle 1 passage 2 setcycle 1 line 2 setcycle 1 line_text "2. One major factor mentioned as affecting
our economic well-being was

a. high wages
b. low interest rates
c. technology
d. employment
e. foreign trade" setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "" setcycle 1 Condition_Num "" setcycle 1 comprehension_q y setcycle 1 booklet "" setcycle 1 correct_response d setcycle 2 passage 2 setcycle 2 line 3 setcycle 2 line_text "3. The purpose of this passage is to

a. persuade
b. guide
c. evaluate
d. inform
e. interest" setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "" setcycle 2 Condition_Num "" setcycle 2 comprehension_q y setcycle 2 booklet "" setcycle 2 correct_response d setcycle 3 passage 2 setcycle 3 line 4 setcycle 3 line_text "4. The chief emphasis is on

a. defining marketing
b. principles of marketing
c. opportunities in marketing
d. kinds of jobs in marketing
e. the economic significance of marketing" setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "" setcycle 3 Condition_Num "" setcycle 3 comprehension_q y setcycle 3 booklet "" setcycle 3 correct_response e run Passage_Comprehension define sequence Passage_3 set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Passage_3_Booklet_1 "[booklet_assign] = 1" run Passage_3_Booklet_2 "[booklet_assign] = 2" run P3_Comprehension_Instructions always run Passage_3_Comprehension always define loop Passage_3_Booklet_1 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 10 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 3 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 3" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "Diff." setcycle 0 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 1 setcycle 1 passage 3 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "Atomic energy is the energy that holds the nucleus of an atom
together." setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "Diff." setcycle 1 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 1 setcycle 2 passage 3 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "Atomic reactions in which nuclei of helium are built up from nuclei
of hydrogen are believed to be the origin of the sun’s energy." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "Diff." setcycle 2 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 1 setcycle 3 passage 3 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "It has been found that the mass of an atomic nucleus is less than the
total mass of the separate particles that comprise it." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "Diff." setcycle 3 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 1 setcycle 4 passage 3 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "The reason is that when a nucleus forms, part of the mass of the
component particles is changed into energy, which is then radiated away. " setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition "Diff." setcycle 4 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 1 setcycle 5 passage 3 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "The quantity of energy released in reactions of this kind is almost
inconceivably greater than the quantity released by any other type of
reaction involving similar quantities of material. " setcycle 5 probe y setcycle 5 condition "Diff." setcycle 5 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 1 setcycle 6 passage 3 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "Every second, a million times as much energy as is stored in all our
coal, petroleum, and natural gas fields is sent into space by the
sun. " setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition "Diff." setcycle 6 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 1 setcycle 7 passage 3 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "If one could duplicate the method by which this energy is released,
the world could be revolutionized. " setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition "Diff." setcycle 7 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 1 setcycle 8 passage 3 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "And the possibility of doing just this is no more inconceivable today
than the concept of an atomic bomb was in 1900. " setcycle 8 probe n setcycle 8 condition "Diff." setcycle 8 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 1 setcycle 9 passage 3 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "The time may come when the hydrogen from a cubic mile of sea water
will provide enough energy to satisfy our needs at the 1960 rate for
300 centuries." setcycle 9 probe y setcycle 9 condition "Diff." setcycle 9 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 1 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_3_Booklet_2 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 12 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 3 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 3" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition Easy setcycle 0 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 2 setcycle 1 passage 3 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "The nucleus of an atom is held together by a kind of energy called
atomic energy." setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition Easy setcycle 1 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 2 setcycle 2 passage 3 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "The sun's energy comes from atomic reactions." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition Easy setcycle 2 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 2 setcycle 3 passage 3 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "These reactions occur when the nuclei of hydrogen build up the nuclei
of helium." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition Easy setcycle 3 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 2 setcycle 4 passage 3 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "An atomic nucleus is made of particles, but the mass of the atomic
nucleus is less than the total mass of the particles." setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition Easy setcycle 4 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 2 setcycle 5 passage 3 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "The reason for this is that part of the mass of particles is changed
into energy when a nucleus is formed." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition Easy setcycle 5 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 2 setcycle 6 passage 3 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "This energy then radiates away." setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition Easy setcycle 6 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 2 setcycle 7 passage 3 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "The quantity of energy released in reactions of this kind is almost
inconceivably greater than the quantity released by any other type of
reaction involving similar quantities of material." setcycle 7 probe y setcycle 7 condition Easy setcycle 7 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 2 setcycle 8 passage 3 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "Every second, the sun sends a million times more energy into space
than we have stored in all of our coal, petroleum, and natural gas
fields." setcycle 8 probe n setcycle 8 condition Easy setcycle 8 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 2 setcycle 9 passage 3 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "We could revolutionize the world if we could duplicate the method
that releases such energy." setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition Easy setcycle 9 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 2 setcycle 10 passage 3 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "This possibility is not a fantasy, just as it was not a fantasy to
imagine developing an atom bomb in 1900." setcycle 10 probe n setcycle 10 condition Easy setcycle 10 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 2 setcycle 11 passage 3 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "The time may come when the hydrogen from a cubic mile of sea water
will provide enough energy to satisfy our needs at the 1960 rate for
300 centuries." setcycle 11 probe y setcycle 11 condition Easy setcycle 11 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 2 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_3_Comprehension set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 4 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 3 setcycle 0 line 1 setcycle 0 line_text "1. How much sea water was mentioned?

a. One ton
b. A cubic acre
c. A cubic mile
d. A thousand gallons
e. A hundred tons" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "" setcycle 0 Condition_Num "" setcycle 0 comprehension_q y setcycle 0 booklet "" setcycle 0 correct_response c setcycle 1 passage 3 setcycle 1 line 2 setcycle 1 line_text "2. The quantity of energy released in an
atomic reaction is spoken of as how much greater
than with other types of reactions?

a. Far greater
b. Unbelievably greater
c. A thousand times greater
d. Inconceivably greater
e. Tremendously greater" setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "" setcycle 1 Condition_Num "" setcycle 1 comprehension_q y setcycle 1 booklet "" setcycle 1 correct_response d setcycle 2 passage 3 setcycle 2 line 3 setcycle 2 line_text "3. The primary focus is on

a. how energy is released
b. where energy is found
c. the energy from atomic reactions
d. what happens in an atomic reaction
e. the energy present in sunshine" setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "" setcycle 2 Condition_Num "" setcycle 2 comprehension_q y setcycle 2 booklet "" setcycle 2 correct_response c setcycle 3 passage 3 setcycle 3 line 4 setcycle 3 line_text "4. This passage is best described as

a. objective
b. skeptical
c. cautious
d. conservative
e. optimistic
" setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "" setcycle 3 Condition_Num "" setcycle 3 comprehension_q y setcycle 3 booklet "" setcycle 3 correct_response e run Passage_Comprehension define sequence Passage_4 set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Passage_4_Booklet_1 "[booklet_assign] = 1" run Passage_4_Booklet_2 "[booklet_assign] = 2" run P4_Comprehension_Instructions always run Passage_4_Comprehension always define loop Passage_4_Booklet_1 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 14 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 4 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 4" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition Easy setcycle 0 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 1 setcycle 1 passage 4 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "The possibility of life on Mars is not dismissed even by skeptics." setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition Easy setcycle 1 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 1 setcycle 2 passage 4 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "They seem to share our hope that it is true." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition Easy setcycle 2 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 1 setcycle 3 passage 4 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "So, it was disappointing when scientists studied photos from the
early Mariner space flights in the mid-1960's." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition Easy setcycle 3 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 1 setcycle 4 passage 4 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "They saw no canals, no seas, and no busy Martian engineers." setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition Easy setcycle 4 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 1 setcycle 5 passage 4 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "They saw no dangerous, warlike Martians as huge as skyscrapers." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition Easy setcycle 5 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 1 setcycle 6 passage 4 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "All they saw were mountains, craters, cold winds, and dust storms." setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition Easy setcycle 6 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 1 setcycle 7 passage 4 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "It was almost as if scouts for Columbus had returned to Isabella’s
court with the news that the world had turned out to be flat after
all." setcycle 7 probe y setcycle 7 condition Easy setcycle 7 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 1 setcycle 8 passage 4 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "Hopeful astronomers reminded us that the Mariner IV had photographed
a mere one percent of the Martian surface from 2,000 miles away." setcycle 8 probe y setcycle 8 condition Easy setcycle 8 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 1 setcycle 9 passage 4 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "In addition, the photos were taken from 2,000 miles away." setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition Easy setcycle 9 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 1 setcycle 10 passage 4 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "And they pointed out that the Earth-orbiting Tiros weather satellite
shot over 20,000 pictures before uncovering any evidence of life on
Earth." setcycle 10 probe y setcycle 10 condition Easy setcycle 10 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 1 setcycle 11 passage 4 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "But still, public enthusiasm for Martian exploration wilted." setcycle 11 probe y setcycle 11 condition Easy setcycle 11 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 1 setcycle 12 passage 4 setcycle 12 line 12 setcycle 12 line_text "Few people seemed to care about life on Mars by the time Viking I
landed on the Plain of Chrise in August." setcycle 12 probe n setcycle 12 condition Easy setcycle 12 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 12 comprehension_q n setcycle 12 booklet 1 setcycle 13 passage 4 setcycle 13 line 13 setcycle 13 line_text "One Viking scientist, J. Richard Keefe, said that he was “disgusted”
at the “blasé...apathetic” public response and the skimpy television
coverage of one of the most magnificent scientific and technical
accomplishments in human history." setcycle 13 probe n setcycle 13 condition Easy setcycle 13 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 13 comprehension_q n setcycle 13 booklet 1 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_4_Booklet_2 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 14 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 4 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 4" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "Diff." setcycle 0 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 2 setcycle 1 passage 4 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "Even most skeptics, because they seem to share the hope that there
is life on Mars, endeavor slavishly not to discount the possibility." setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "Diff." setcycle 1 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 2 setcycle 2 passage 4 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "But it was a comedown in the mid-1960's when scientists involved in
the Mars exploration studied photographs taken by some of the early
Mariner space flights." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "Diff." setcycle 2 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 2 setcycle 3 passage 4 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "No canals." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "Diff." setcycle 3 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 2 setcycle 4 passage 4 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "No seas." setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition "Diff." setcycle 4 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 2 setcycle 5 passage 4 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "No busy Martian engineers." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition "Diff." setcycle 5 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 2 setcycle 6 passage 4 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "No menacing warmongering Martians as colossal as skyscrapers." setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition "Diff." setcycle 6 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 2 setcycle 7 passage 4 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "Just mountains, craters, frigid winds, and dust storms." setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition "Diff." setcycle 7 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 2 setcycle 8 passage 4 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "It was almost as if scouts for Columbus had returned to Isabella's
court with the news that the world had turned out to be flat after
all." setcycle 8 probe y setcycle 8 condition "Diff." setcycle 8 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 2 setcycle 9 passage 4 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "Hopeful astronomers reminded us that the Mariner IV had photographed
a mere one percent of the Martian surface from 2,000 miles away." setcycle 9 probe y setcycle 9 condition "Diff." setcycle 9 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 2 setcycle 10 passage 4 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "And they pointed out that the Earth-orbiting Tiros weather satellite
shot over 20,000 pictures before uncovering any evidence of life on
Earth." setcycle 10 probe y setcycle 10 condition "Diff." setcycle 10 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 2 setcycle 11 passage 4 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "But still, public enthusiasm for Martian exploration wilted." setcycle 11 probe y setcycle 11 condition "Diff." setcycle 11 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 2 setcycle 12 passage 4 setcycle 12 line 12 setcycle 12 line_text "By the time Viking I touched down on the Plain of Chryse in August,
few seemed to care at all. " setcycle 12 probe n setcycle 12 condition "Diff." setcycle 12 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 12 comprehension_q n setcycle 12 booklet 2 setcycle 13 passage 4 setcycle 13 line 13 setcycle 13 line_text "J. Richard Keefe, one of the Viking scientists, declared himself
'disgusted' at what he called the 'blasé ...apathetic' public
response and the skimpy television coverage of what was certainly
one of the magnificent scientific and technical accomplishments in human
history." setcycle 13 probe n setcycle 13 condition "Diff." setcycle 13 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 13 comprehension_q n setcycle 13 booklet 2 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_4_Comprehension set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 4 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 4 setcycle 0 line 1 setcycle 0 line_text "1. One weather satellite was named

a. Latos
b. Tiros
c. Prometheus
d. Sonar
e. Satelos" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "" setcycle 0 Condition_Num "" setcycle 0 comprehension_q y setcycle 0 booklet "" setcycle 0 correct_response b setcycle 1 passage 4 setcycle 1 line 2 setcycle 1 line_text "2. One of the Mariners photographed how
much of the surface of Mars?

a. One percent
b. Two percent
c. Three percent
d. Four percent
e. Five percent" setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "" setcycle 1 Condition_Num "" setcycle 1 comprehension_q y setcycle 1 booklet "" setcycle 1 correct_response a setcycle 2 passage 4 setcycle 2 line 3 setcycle 2 line_text "3. Interest in Mars diminshed largely
because

a. no Martians were found
b. the TV coverage was poor
c. the photos were all black and white
d. nothing was brought back to earth
e. the media did not appreciate the
accomplishment" setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "" setcycle 2 Condition_Num "" setcycle 2 comprehension_q y setcycle 2 booklet "" setcycle 2 correct_response a setcycle 3 passage 4 setcycle 3 line 4 setcycle 3 line_text "4. Mention of the flat world was used to
point out

a. the flatness of Mars
b. the lack of canals
c. the lack of seas
d. the lack of Martians
e. the lack of mountains
" setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "" setcycle 3 Condition_Num "" setcycle 3 comprehension_q y setcycle 3 booklet "" setcycle 3 correct_response d run Passage_Comprehension define sequence Passage_5 set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Passage_5_Booklet_1 "[booklet_assign] = 1" run Passage_5_Booklet_2 "[booklet_assign] = 2" run P5_Comprehension_Instructions always run Passage_5_Comprehension always define loop Passage_5_Booklet_1 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 10 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 5 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 5" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "Diff." setcycle 0 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 1 setcycle 1 passage 5 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "The flavor, odor, and character so highly prized by the gourmet is
given to cheese by fungi. " setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "Diff." setcycle 1 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 1 setcycle 2 passage 5 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "In caves near the French village of Roquefort was first found one
such mold. A peasant boy left his lunch, a mild fresh piece of goat
cheese, according to legend, in one of these caverns and on returning
found it marbled, tart, and redolent." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "Diff." setcycle 2 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 1 setcycle 3 passage 5 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "Only cheeses from the area around these particular caves are
permitted to bear the name of Roquefort." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "Diff." setcycle 3 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 1 setcycle 4 passage 5 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "As early as the seventeenth century, ergot, the fungus of rye, was
used to facilitate childbirth." setcycle 4 probe y setcycle 4 condition "Diff." setcycle 4 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 1 setcycle 5 passage 5 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "The contraction of the involuntary muscles, particularly of the
uterus, is one of its effects. " setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition "Diff." setcycle 5 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 1 setcycle 6 passage 5 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "In the twentieth century, ergot has once more attracted interest as
the source of the chemical from which the hallucinogenic drug LSD is
derived. " setcycle 6 probe y setcycle 6 condition "Diff." setcycle 6 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 1 setcycle 7 passage 5 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "Most of the modern antibiotics are produced by fungi." setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition "Diff." setcycle 7 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 1 setcycle 8 passage 5 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "The first of these was discovered by Alexander Fleming, who noted
that a mold of the genus Penicillium which had contaminated a culture
of staphylococcus growing on a nutrient agar plate had completely
halted the proliferation of the bacteria." setcycle 8 probe n setcycle 8 condition "Diff." setcycle 8 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 1 setcycle 9 passage 5 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "Antibiotics, of which many hundreds have now been discovered, are
substances produced by a living organism that injure another living
organism." setcycle 9 probe y setcycle 9 condition "Diff." setcycle 9 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 1 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_5_Booklet_2 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 15 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 5 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 5" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition Easy setcycle 0 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 2 setcycle 1 passage 5 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "Fungi give cheese the flavor, odor, and character that gourmets so
highly prize." setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition Easy setcycle 1 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 2 setcycle 2 passage 5 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "One of the first molds was found in caves near the French village of
Roquefort." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition Easy setcycle 2 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 2 setcycle 3 passage 5 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "According to legend, a peasant boy left his lunch, which was a mild
fresh piece of goat cheese, in one of the caves." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition Easy setcycle 3 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 2 setcycle 4 passage 5 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "When he returned, he found the cheese marbled, tart, and fragrant." setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition Easy setcycle 4 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 2 setcycle 5 passage 5 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "Only cheeses that come from the area around these particular caves
are allowed to bear the name of Roquefort." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition Easy setcycle 5 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 2 setcycle 6 passage 5 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "As early as the seventeenth century, ergot, the fungus of rye, was
used to facilitate childbirth." setcycle 6 probe y setcycle 6 condition Easy setcycle 6 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 2 setcycle 7 passage 5 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "It causes the contraction of involuntary muscles, particularly in the
uterus." setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition Easy setcycle 7 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 2 setcycle 8 passage 5 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "In the twentieth century, ergot has once more attracted interest as
the source of the chemical from which the hallucinogenic drug LSD is
derived" setcycle 8 probe y setcycle 8 condition Easy setcycle 8 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 2 setcycle 9 passage 5 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "Most modern antibiotics are produced by fungi." setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition Easy setcycle 9 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 2 setcycle 10 passage 5 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "Alexander Fleming discovered the first of these antibiotics." setcycle 10 probe n setcycle 10 condition Easy setcycle 10 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 2 setcycle 11 passage 5 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "A mold of the genus Penicillium had contaminated a culture of
staphylococcus bacteria that was growing on a nutrient agar plate." setcycle 11 probe n setcycle 11 condition Easy setcycle 11 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 2 setcycle 12 passage 5 setcycle 12 line 12 setcycle 12 line_text "Alexander noted that the mold completely halted the growth of the
bacteria." setcycle 12 probe n setcycle 12 condition Easy setcycle 12 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 12 comprehension_q n setcycle 12 booklet 2 setcycle 13 passage 5 setcycle 13 line 13 setcycle 13 line_text "Antibiotics, of which many hundreds have now been discovered, are
substances produced by a living organism that injure another living
organism." setcycle 13 probe y setcycle 13 condition Easy setcycle 13 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 13 comprehension_q n setcycle 13 booklet 2 setcycle 14 passage 5 setcycle 14 line 14 setcycle 14 line_text "All of these are substances produced by one living organism that
injures another living organism." setcycle 14 probe n setcycle 14 condition Easy setcycle 14 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 14 comprehension_q n setcycle 14 booklet 2 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_5_Comprehension set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 4 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 5 setcycle 0 line 1 setcycle 0 line_text "1. A fungus was used as medicine as early
as what century?

a. Sixteenth
b. Seventeenth
c. Eighteenth
d. Nineteenth
e. Twentieth" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "" setcycle 0 Condition_Num "" setcycle 0 comprehension_q y setcycle 0 booklet "" setcycle 0 correct_response b setcycle 1 passage 5 setcycle 1 line 2 setcycle 1 line_text "2. How many antibiotics have been
discovered?

a. Ninety-six
b. Many hundreds
c. Thousands
d. Millions
e. An unspecified number" setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "" setcycle 1 Condition_Num "" setcycle 1 comprehension_q y setcycle 1 booklet "" setcycle 1 correct_response b setcycle 2 passage 5 setcycle 2 line 3 setcycle 2 line_text "3. This passage is mainly about

a. ergot
b. drugs
c. fungi
d. antibiotics
e. cheese" setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "" setcycle 2 Condition_Num "" setcycle 2 comprehension_q y setcycle 2 booklet "" setcycle 2 correct_response c setcycle 3 passage 5 setcycle 3 line 4 setcycle 3 line_text "4. LSD is specifically mentioned to show
that ergot

a. needs to be further controlled
b. needs further research
c. has medicinal value
d. is of current interest
e. is dangerous" setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "" setcycle 3 Condition_Num "" setcycle 3 comprehension_q y setcycle 3 booklet "" setcycle 3 correct_response d run Passage_Comprehension define sequence Passage_6 set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Passage_6_Booklet_1 "[booklet_assign] = 1" run Passage_6_Booklet_2 "[booklet_assign] = 2" run P6_Comprehension_Instructions always run Passage_6_Comprehension always define loop Passage_6_Booklet_1 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 16 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 6 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 6" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition Easy setcycle 0 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 1 setcycle 1 passage 6 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "Local governments were our first governments." setcycle 1 probe y setcycle 1 condition Easy setcycle 1 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 1 setcycle 2 passage 6 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "A local government was established when the oldest men in a
primitive tribe formed a council and the tribe chose a chief." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition Easy setcycle 2 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 1 setcycle 3 passage 6 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "The tribe was seeking a better, safer life." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition Easy setcycle 3 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 1 setcycle 4 passage 6 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "In the same way, the first English settlers soon realized that they
needed rules and leaders after they landed at Jamestown, Virginia in
1607. " setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition Easy setcycle 4 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 1 setcycle 5 passage 6 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "At first, the settlers had to look out for themselves. " setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition Easy setcycle 5 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 1 setcycle 6 passage 6 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "They searched for gold, and had to find their own food and provide
their own shelter." setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition Easy setcycle 6 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 1 setcycle 7 passage 6 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "As food supplies began to run low, and as the colonists faced hunger
and disease, they saw that they needed to work together if the
colony was to survive." setcycle 7 probe y setcycle 7 condition Easy setcycle 7 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 1 setcycle 8 passage 6 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "So, they needed to work together if the colony was to survive." setcycle 8 probe n setcycle 8 condition Easy setcycle 8 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 1 setcycle 9 passage 6 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "The colonists formed a council to make laws for the colony." setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition Easy setcycle 9 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 1 setcycle 10 passage 6 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "They chose Captain John Smith as president of the council. " setcycle 10 probe n setcycle 10 condition Easy setcycle 10 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 1 setcycle 11 passage 6 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "His job was to see that the laws were carried out. " setcycle 11 probe n setcycle 11 condition Easy setcycle 11 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 1 setcycle 12 passage 6 setcycle 12 line 12 setcycle 12 line_text "This government at Jamestown was the first local government in
America." setcycle 12 probe y setcycle 12 condition Easy setcycle 12 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 12 comprehension_q n setcycle 12 booklet 1 setcycle 13 passage 6 setcycle 13 line 13 setcycle 13 line_text "Today, local government is still the first and most important one in
our lives. " setcycle 13 probe n setcycle 13 condition Easy setcycle 13 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 13 comprehension_q n setcycle 13 booklet 1 setcycle 14 passage 6 setcycle 14 line 14 setcycle 14 line_text "It protects our lives, our safety, and our homes, and it helps to
keep our environment clean." setcycle 14 probe y setcycle 14 condition Easy setcycle 14 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 14 comprehension_q n setcycle 14 booklet 1 setcycle 15 passage 6 setcycle 15 line 15 setcycle 15 line_text "Local government provides us with schools, libraries, and other
important services." setcycle 15 probe n setcycle 15 condition Easy setcycle 15 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 15 comprehension_q n setcycle 15 booklet 1 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_6_Booklet_2 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 14 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 6 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 6" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "Diff." setcycle 0 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 2 setcycle 1 passage 6 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "Local governments were our first governments." setcycle 1 probe y setcycle 1 condition "Diff." setcycle 1 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 2 setcycle 2 passage 6 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "The primitive tribe that chose the strongest man to be its chief and
the oldest men to form a council was establishing local government." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "Diff." setcycle 2 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 2 setcycle 3 passage 6 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "It was seeking a better, safer life." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "Diff." setcycle 3 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 2 setcycle 4 passage 6 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "In the same way, the need for rules and leaders was realized by the
first English settlers who landed at Jamestown, Virginia, in 1607." setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition "Diff." setcycle 4 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 2 setcycle 5 passage 6 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "At first, the settlers at Jamestown had to shepherd themselves." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition "Diff." setcycle 5 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 2 setcycle 6 passage 6 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "The colonists searched for gold, and had to find their own
sustenance and provide their own sanctuary. " setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition "Diff." setcycle 6 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 2 setcycle 7 passage 6 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "As food supplies began to run low, and as the colonists faced hunger
and disease, they saw that they needed to work together if the
colony was to survive." setcycle 7 probe y setcycle 7 condition "Diff." setcycle 7 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 2 setcycle 8 passage 6 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "A council to make laws for the colony was formed by the settlers." setcycle 8 probe n setcycle 8 condition "Diff." setcycle 8 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 2 setcycle 9 passage 6 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "Captain John Smith was chosen as president of the council to see
that the laws were implemented. " setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition "Diff." setcycle 9 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 2 setcycle 10 passage 6 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "This government at Jamestown was the first local government in
America." setcycle 10 probe y setcycle 10 condition "Diff." setcycle 10 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 2 setcycle 11 passage 6 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "Today, local government is still the first and most important
government in our lives." setcycle 11 probe n setcycle 11 condition "Diff." setcycle 11 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 2 setcycle 12 passage 6 setcycle 12 line 12 setcycle 12 line_text "It protects our lives, our safety, and our homes, and it helps to
keep our environment clean." setcycle 12 probe y setcycle 12 condition "Diff." setcycle 12 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 12 comprehension_q n setcycle 12 booklet 2 setcycle 13 passage 6 setcycle 13 line 13 setcycle 13 line_text "Schools, libraries, and other important services are provided to us by
local government." setcycle 13 probe n setcycle 13 condition "Diff." setcycle 13 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 13 comprehension_q n setcycle 13 booklet 2 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_6_Comprehension set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 4 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 6 setcycle 0 line 1 setcycle 0 line_text "1. The first colonial government was

a. tribal
b. city
c. county
d. local
e. federal" setcycle 0 probe "" setcycle 0 condition "" setcycle 0 Condition_Num "" setcycle 0 comprehension_q y setcycle 0 booklet "" setcycle 0 correct_response d setcycle 1 passage 6 setcycle 1 line 2 setcycle 1 line_text "2. The Jamestown colonists formed a
government because of

a. pride
b. greed
c. necessity
d. togetherness
e. public spirit
" setcycle 1 probe "" setcycle 1 condition "" setcycle 1 Condition_Num "" setcycle 1 comprehension_q y setcycle 1 booklet "" setcycle 1 correct_response c setcycle 2 passage 6 setcycle 2 line 3 setcycle 2 line_text "3. The best title for this selection would
be

a. John Smith
b. The First Government
c. Jamestown
d. Local Government
e. American Government
" setcycle 2 probe "" setcycle 2 condition "" setcycle 2 Condition_Num "" setcycle 2 comprehension_q y setcycle 2 booklet "" setcycle 2 correct_response d setcycle 3 passage 6 setcycle 3 line 4 setcycle 3 line_text "4. The overall goal of local government
seems to be public

a. regulation
b. wealth
c. growth
d. welfare
e. protection<" setcycle 3 probe "" setcycle 3 condition "" setcycle 3 Condition_Num "" setcycle 3 comprehension_q y setcycle 3 booklet "" setcycle 3 correct_response d run Passage_Comprehension define sequence Passage_7 set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Passage_7_Booklet_1 "[booklet_assign] = 1" run Passage_7_Booklet_2 "[booklet_assign] = 2" run P7_Comprehension_Instructions always run Passage_7_Comprehension always define loop Passage_7_Booklet_1 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 11 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 7 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 7" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "Diff." setcycle 0 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 1 setcycle 1 passage 7 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "Once in a while you will hear about an artist recognized as a master
during his own lifetime but then almost forgotten soon after his
death. " setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "Diff." setcycle 1 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 1 setcycle 2 passage 7 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "A good example is the painter Domenicos Theotocopoulos, known because
of his Greek ancestry as El Greco." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "Diff." setcycle 2 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 1 setcycle 3 passage 7 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "After pursuing his early career in Italy, El Greco settled in the
Spanish city of Toledo, where he prospered for the rest of his life." setcycle 3 probe y setcycle 3 condition "Diff." setcycle 3 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 1 setcycle 4 passage 7 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "But after his death, El Greco was forgotten by history for nearly
three hundred years, until he was rediscovered by artists and critics
of the twentieth century." setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition "Diff." setcycle 4 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 1 setcycle 5 passage 7 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "The power of El Greco’s intensely emotional style can be felt most
strongly in his later canvases, such as the famous View of Toledo
painted in 1610, only a few years before death." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition "Diff." setcycle 5 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 1 setcycle 6 passage 7 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "One notices in this strange landscape how the eerie, silvery
buildings take on a ghostlike stillness next to the explosive light
of the sky and the writhing forms of the countryside below." setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition "Diff." setcycle 6 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 1 setcycle 7 passage 7 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "Curiously enough, another important artist of about the same time was
scorned even by many of his own contemporaries." setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition "Diff." setcycle 7 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 1 setcycle 8 passage 7 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "This artist was Caravaggio, a self-taught painter who had come to
Rome around 1590 from a small town in Lombardy." setcycle 8 probe n setcycle 8 condition "Diff." setcycle 8 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 1 setcycle 9 passage 7 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "Caravaggio’s critics complained that he treated exalted religious
subjects in a low, vulgar style, because he included in his paintings
the faces and figures from the street of common people." setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition "Diff." setcycle 9 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 1 setcycle 10 passage 7 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "By using stark contrasts of light and shadow, Caravaggio managed to
conjure up unforgettable scenes of dramatic realism." setcycle 10 probe y setcycle 10 condition "Diff." setcycle 10 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 1 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_7_Booklet_2 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 17 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 7 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 7" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition Easy setcycle 0 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 2 setcycle 1 passage 7 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "Once in a while you will hear about an artist who was recognized as a
master during his lifetime, but was then almost forgotten after his
death." setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition Easy setcycle 1 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 2 setcycle 2 passage 7 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "A good example is the painter, Domenicos Theotocopoulos." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition Easy setcycle 2 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 2 setcycle 3 passage 7 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "He was known as El Greco because of his Greek ancestry." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition Easy setcycle 3 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 2 setcycle 4 passage 7 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "After pursuing his early career in Italy, El Greco settled in the
Spanish city of Toledo, where he prospered for the rest of his life." setcycle 4 probe y setcycle 4 condition Easy setcycle 4 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 2 setcycle 5 passage 7 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "He prospered there for the rest of his life." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition Easy setcycle 5 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 2 setcycle 6 passage 7 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "History forgot El Greco for nearly three hundred years." setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition Easy setcycle 6 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 2 setcycle 7 passage 7 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "Then, artists and critics of the twentieth century rediscovered him." setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition Easy setcycle 7 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 2 setcycle 8 passage 7 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "The power of El Greco's intensely emotional style can be felt most
strongly in his later paintings, such as the famous View of Toledo." setcycle 8 probe n setcycle 8 condition Easy setcycle 8 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 2 setcycle 9 passage 7 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "He painted this canvas in 1610, only a few years before his death." setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition Easy setcycle 9 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 2 setcycle 10 passage 7 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "It is a strange landscape." setcycle 10 probe n setcycle 10 condition Easy setcycle 10 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 2 setcycle 11 passage 7 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "One notices that eerie, silvery buildings take on a ghostlike
stillness next to the explosive light of the sky and the writhing
forms of the countryside below." setcycle 11 probe n setcycle 11 condition Easy setcycle 11 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 2 setcycle 12 passage 7 setcycle 12 line 12 setcycle 12 line_text "Curiously, about the same time, another important artist was scorned
even by many of his contemporaries." setcycle 12 probe n setcycle 12 condition Easy setcycle 12 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 12 comprehension_q n setcycle 12 booklet 2 setcycle 13 passage 7 setcycle 13 line 13 setcycle 13 line_text "This artist was Caravaggio." setcycle 13 probe n setcycle 13 condition Easy setcycle 13 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 13 comprehension_q n setcycle 13 booklet 2 setcycle 14 passage 7 setcycle 14 line 14 setcycle 14 line_text "He was a self-taught painter who came to Rome around 1590 from a
small town in Lombardy." setcycle 14 probe n setcycle 14 condition Easy setcycle 14 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 14 comprehension_q n setcycle 14 booklet 2 setcycle 15 passage 7 setcycle 15 line 15 setcycle 15 line_text "Caravaggio's critics complained that he treated sacred religious
subjects in a low, vulgar way by including the faces and figures of
common people in his paintings." setcycle 15 probe n setcycle 15 condition Easy setcycle 15 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 15 comprehension_q n setcycle 15 booklet 2 setcycle 16 passage 7 setcycle 16 line 16 setcycle 16 line_text "By using stark contrasts of light and shadow, Caravaggio managed to
conjure up unforgettable scenes of dramatic realism." setcycle 16 probe y setcycle 16 condition Easy setcycle 16 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 16 comprehension_q n setcycle 16 booklet 2 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_7_Comprehension set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 4 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 7 setcycle 0 line 1 setcycle 0 line_text "1. In his paintings, Caravaggio included

a. common people
b. strange landscapes
c. eerie, silvery buildings
d. ghosts
e. corpses" setcycle 0 probe "" setcycle 0 condition "" setcycle 0 Condition_Num "" setcycle 0 comprehension_q y setcycle 0 booklet "" setcycle 0 correct_response a setcycle 1 passage 7 setcycle 1 line 2 setcycle 1 line_text "2. El Greco pursued his early career in

a. Italy
b. Greece
c. Lombardy
d. Rome
e. Toledo" setcycle 1 probe "" setcycle 1 condition "" setcycle 1 Condition_Num "" setcycle 1 comprehension_q y setcycle 1 booklet "" setcycle 1 correct_response a setcycle 2 passage 7 setcycle 2 line 3 setcycle 2 line_text "3. Apparently a major technique of
Caravaggio’s was

a. using exalted religious subjects
b. using stark contrasts
c. using cadavers
d. using ghostlike stillness
e. none of the above" setcycle 2 probe "" setcycle 2 condition "" setcycle 2 Condition_Num "" setcycle 2 comprehension_q y setcycle 2 booklet "" setcycle 2 correct_response b setcycle 3 passage 7 setcycle 3 line 4 setcycle 3 line_text "4. The principal idea discussed in this
passage concerns

a. El Greco
b. Caravaggio
c. Contemporary approval of artists
d. The travels of painters
e. The prosperity of artists" setcycle 3 probe "" setcycle 3 condition "" setcycle 3 Condition_Num "" setcycle 3 comprehension_q y setcycle 3 booklet "" setcycle 3 correct_response c run Passage_Comprehension define sequence Passage_8 set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Passage_8_Booklet_1 "[booklet_assign] = 1" run Passage_8_Booklet_2 "[booklet_assign] = 2" run P8_Comprehension_Instructions always run Passage_8_Comprehension always define loop Passage_8_Booklet_1 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 12 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 8 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 8" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition Easy setcycle 0 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 1 setcycle 1 passage 8 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "Random assignment is the key to experimental design." setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition Easy setcycle 1 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 1 setcycle 2 passage 8 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "Random assignment insures that the results of experiments are not
influenced by some extraneous variable." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition Easy setcycle 2 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 1 setcycle 3 passage 8 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "An extraneous variable is one that is correlated with the variable
under investigation." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition Easy setcycle 3 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 1 setcycle 4 passage 8 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "In contrast, correlational designs allow subjects to assign
themselves to conditions." setcycle 4 probe n setcycle 4 condition Easy setcycle 4 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 1 setcycle 5 passage 8 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "Thus, in the cancer studies as they have been done, only people who
are four-pack-a-day smokers—by their own “choice”—get into a four-
pack-a-day condition." setcycle 5 probe y setcycle 5 condition Easy setcycle 5 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 1 setcycle 6 passage 8 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "But, the factors that make people four-pack-a-day smokers must surely
make them different from typical nonsmokers in other ways. " setcycle 6 probe n setcycle 6 condition Easy setcycle 6 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 1 setcycle 7 passage 8 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "Hence the ambiguity of interpretation in correlational designs, and
hence the virtue of experimental designs." setcycle 7 probe y setcycle 7 condition Easy setcycle 7 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 1 setcycle 8 passage 8 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "Differences among individual subjects cannot systematically confound
the results if assignment to conditions is truly random." setcycle 8 probe n setcycle 8 condition Easy setcycle 8 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 1 setcycle 9 passage 8 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "Put another way, the experimenter has under his control all the
variables that can influence the results." setcycle 9 probe y setcycle 9 condition Easy setcycle 9 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 1 setcycle 10 passage 8 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "It is another question as to whether they can exactly identify these
variables. " setcycle 10 probe n setcycle 10 condition Easy setcycle 10 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 1 setcycle 11 passage 8 setcycle 11 line 11 setcycle 11 line_text "Thus, the results from experimental designs are not entirely
unambiguous, but they are less ambiguous than the results from
correlational designs." setcycle 11 probe n setcycle 11 condition Easy setcycle 11 Condition_Num 2 setcycle 11 comprehension_q n setcycle 11 booklet 1 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_8_Booklet_2 set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 11 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 8 setcycle 0 line 0 setcycle 0 line_text "Passage 8" setcycle 0 probe n setcycle 0 condition "Diff." setcycle 0 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 0 comprehension_q n setcycle 0 booklet 2 setcycle 1 passage 8 setcycle 1 line 1 setcycle 1 line_text "The key to the design called experimental is assignment of subjects
to conditions randomly. " setcycle 1 probe n setcycle 1 condition "Diff." setcycle 1 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 1 comprehension_q n setcycle 1 booklet 2 setcycle 2 passage 8 setcycle 2 line 2 setcycle 2 line_text "By the influence on the results of some extraneous variable that is
tied to or correlated with the variable under investigation is
insured against." setcycle 2 probe n setcycle 2 condition "Diff." setcycle 2 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 2 comprehension_q n setcycle 2 booklet 2 setcycle 3 passage 8 setcycle 3 line 3 setcycle 3 line_text "By contrast with experimental designs, subjects, in correlational
designs, in a sense, assign themselves to conditions." setcycle 3 probe n setcycle 3 condition "Diff." setcycle 3 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 3 comprehension_q n setcycle 3 booklet 2 setcycle 4 passage 8 setcycle 4 line 4 setcycle 4 line_text "Thus, in the cancer studies as they have been done, only people who
are four-pack-a-day smokers—by their own “choice”—get into a four-
pack-a-day condition." setcycle 4 probe y setcycle 4 condition "Diff." setcycle 4 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 4 comprehension_q n setcycle 4 booklet 2 setcycle 5 passage 8 setcycle 5 line 5 setcycle 5 line_text "Whatever the factors are that contribute to a person's being a heavy
smoker surely must also make him different from the typical nonsmoker
in other ways." setcycle 5 probe n setcycle 5 condition "Diff." setcycle 5 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 5 comprehension_q n setcycle 5 booklet 2 setcycle 6 passage 8 setcycle 6 line 6 setcycle 6 line_text "Hence the ambiguity of interpretation in correlational designs, and
hence the virtue of experimental designs." setcycle 6 probe y setcycle 6 condition "Diff." setcycle 6 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 6 comprehension_q n setcycle 6 booklet 2 setcycle 7 passage 8 setcycle 7 line 7 setcycle 7 line_text "In the latter case, if assignment to conditions is truly random then
prevailing differences among individual subjects cannot confound the
results systematically." setcycle 7 probe n setcycle 7 condition "Diff." setcycle 7 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 7 comprehension_q n setcycle 7 booklet 2 setcycle 8 passage 8 setcycle 8 line 8 setcycle 8 line_text "Put another way, the experimenter has under his control all the
variables that can influence the results." setcycle 8 probe y setcycle 8 condition "Diff." setcycle 8 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 8 comprehension_q n setcycle 8 booklet 2 setcycle 9 passage 8 setcycle 9 line 9 setcycle 9 line_text "Whether he can exactly identify these variables is another question. " setcycle 9 probe n setcycle 9 condition "Diff." setcycle 9 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 9 comprehension_q n setcycle 9 booklet 2 setcycle 10 passage 8 setcycle 10 line 10 setcycle 10 line_text "Thus, entirely unambiguous results are not yielded by experimental
designs, merely results that are less ambiguous than those associated
with correlational designs." setcycle 10 probe n setcycle 10 condition "Diff." setcycle 10 Condition_Num 1 setcycle 10 comprehension_q n setcycle 10 booklet 2 run Passage_sequence define loop Passage_8_Comprehension set source_file "" set source table set repeat 1 set order sequential set description "Repeatedly runs another item" set cycles 4 set continuous no set break_if_on_first yes set break_if never setcycle 0 passage 8 setcycle 0 line 1 setcycle 0 line_text "1. Specific mention is made of

a. psychogenesis
b. psychodynamics
c. psychobiology
d. psychotherapy
e. none of the above" setcycle 0 probe "" setcycle 0 condition "" setcycle 0 Condition_Num "" setcycle 0 comprehension_q y setcycle 0 booklet "" setcycle 0 correct_response e setcycle 1 passage 8 setcycle 1 line 2 setcycle 1 line_text "2. How many research design patterns were
discussed?

a. One only
b. Two
c. Three
d. Four
e. Five" setcycle 1 probe "" setcycle 1 condition "" setcycle 1 Condition_Num "" setcycle 1 comprehension_q y setcycle 1 booklet "" setcycle 1 correct_response b setcycle 2 passage 8 setcycle 2 line 3 setcycle 2 line_text "3. As used in this passage, the phrase put
another way means

a. rephrasing
b. enumeration
c. using details
d. reasoning
e. illustration" setcycle 2 probe "" setcycle 2 condition "" setcycle 2 Condition_Num "" setcycle 2 comprehension_q y setcycle 2 booklet "" setcycle 2 correct_response a setcycle 3 passage 8 setcycle 3 line 4 setcycle 3 line_text "4. In this passage the authors imply that
heavy smoking is probably caused by

a. tension
b. nervousness
c. habit
d. social pressure
e. all the above and more" setcycle 3 probe "" setcycle 3 condition "" setcycle 3 Condition_Num "" setcycle 3 comprehension_q y setcycle 3 booklet "" setcycle 3 correct_response e run Passage_Comprehension define sequence Passage_Comprehension set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Comprehension always run comprehension_response always run logger always define sequence Passage_sequence set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Passage always run passage_response always run logger always run Probe "[probe] = y" run probe_response "[probe] = y" run logger "[probe] = y" define sketchpad Probe set duration 0 set description "Displays stimuli" draw textline center=0 color=black font_bold=no font_family=mono font_italic=no font_size=22 html=yes show_if="[booklet_assign] = [booklet] and [probe] = y" text="Were you mind wandering when you read the previous sentence? YES NO" x=-450 y=-200 z_index=0 define keyboard_response comprehension_response set timeout infinite set flush yes set duration keypress set description "Collects keyboard responses" set allowed_responses "a;b;c;d;e" define sequence experiment set flush_keyboard yes set description "Runs a number of items in sequence" run Booklet_Assignment always run Passage_1 always run Passage_2 always run Passage_3 always run Passage_4 always run Passage_5 always run Passage_6 always run Passage_7 always run Passage_8 always run End_of_Experiment always define logger logger set description "Logs experimental data" set auto_log yes define keyboard_response passage_response set timeout infinite set flush yes set duration keypress set description "Collects keyboard responses" set allowed_responses SPACE define keyboard_response probe_response set timeout infinite set flush yes set duration keypress set description "Collects keyboard responses" set allowed_responses "y;n"